- UID
- 604306
- »ý·Ö
- 226
- ÉùÍû
-
- ²Æ¸»
-
- ÁúÖé
-
- ͱÒ
-
- »ØÌû
- 0
- Ö÷Ìâ
- ÌýÖÚ
- ÊÕÌý
- ÐÔ±ð
- ±£ÃÜ
- Äê¶È»ý·Ö
-
- ÔÚÏßʱ¼ä
- Сʱ
- ×¢²áʱ¼ä
- 2022-12-9
|
×îÔʼµÄÑÛ¾µÊÇÆðÔ´ÓÚ͸¾µ(·Å´ó¾µ)£¬ËüµÄÖÆÔì¡¢Ó¦ÓÃÓë¹âѧ͸¾µµÄ³öÏÖÓÐÃÜÇеÄÏà¹Ø¡£Ïà´«×î³õ·¢ÏÖÑÛ¾µÄÜʹÎïÌåÏñ·Å´óµÄ¹âѧÕÛÉäÔÀíÊÇÔÚÈÕ³£Éú»îÖÐżȻ²ì¾õµÄ¡£µ±Ê±ÓÐÈË¿´µ½Ò»µÎËÉÏãÊ÷Ö¬½á¾§ÌåÉÏÇ¡ÇÉÓÐÖ»ÎÃ×Ó±»¼ÐÔÚÆäÖУ¬Í¨¹ýÕâËÉÏ㾧ÌåÇò£¬¿´µ½ÕâÖ»ÎÃ×ÓÌåÐÎÌØ´ó£¬ÓÉ´ËÆô·¢ÁËÈËÃǶԹâѧÕÛÉäµÄ×÷ÓõÄÈÏʶ£¬½ø¶øÀûÓÃÌìȻˮ¾§×ÁÄ¥³É͹͸¾µ£¬À´·Å´ó΢СÎïÌ壬ÓÃÒÔıÇó½â¾öÈËÃÇÊÓÁ¦ÉϵÄÀ§ÄÑ¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇÎÒ¹úÑÛ¾µµÄάÐÎʱÆÚ¡£
ÆðԴƪ
1268Ä꣬ÂÞ¼ª¶û¡¤Åà¸ù ×îÔç¼Ç¼ÁËÓÃÓÚ¹âѧĿµÄµÄ͸¾µ¡£È»¶ø£¬Óë´Ëͬʱ£¬½«Í¸¾µ×°Èë¿òÖеķŴó͸¾µÓÃÓÚÔĶÁÒѾÔÚÅ·ÖÞºÍÖйú³öÏÖÁË¡£¹ØÓÚÑÛ¾µÊÇ´ÓÅ·ÖÞ´«ÈëÖйú»¹ÊÇÖйú´«ÈëÅ·ÖÞÒ»Ö±´æÔÚ×ÅÕùÂÛ¡£ÔÚÅ·ÖÞ£¬×îÔçµÄÑÛ¾µ³öÏÖÔÚÒâ´óÀû£¬ÓÉAlessandro di Spina of FlorenceÒýÈ룬×îÔçÓÐÑÛ¾µµÄ»Ïñ¡¶Hugh of Provence¡·ÊÇTommaso da ModenaÓÚ1352Äê»æÖƵģ¬Ëγ¯Ö®Ç°ÖйúÒѾ³öÏÖÑÛ¾µ³ûÐΡ£Ò²ÓÐÈËÈÏΪ£¬ÖйúÈËÔÚ2000ÄêÇ°¾Í·¢Ã÷ÁËÑÛ¾µ£¬ÎÒ¹úÔÚÃ÷³¯ÖÐÆھͳöÏÖÁËÑÛ¾µ¡£Ã÷ÍòÀúÌïÒÕÞ¿ÔÚ¡¶ÁôÇàÈÕÔý¡·¾í¶þ¡¶…¥…¦¡·ÌõÔÆ£º¡°Ã¿¿´ÎÄÕ£¬Ä¿Á¦»è¾ë£¬²»±æϸÊ飬ÒÔ´ËÑÚÄ¿£¬¾«Éñ²»É¢£¬±Ê»ÏÊÃ÷¡£ÖÐÓÃç±¾îÁªÖ®£¬¸¿ÓÚÄÔºó£¬È˽Բ»Ê¶£¬¾ÙÒÔÎÊÓà¡£ÓàÔ»£º´Ë…¥…¦Ò²¡£¡±ÕâʱµÄ…¥…¦¼´×î³õµÄ½Ð·¨¡£
ÎÄ»¯Æª
ÑÛ¾µÎÄ»¯³ä·Ö·´Ó³ÁËÒ»¸ö¹ú¼Ò£¬Ãñ×åµÄ˼ÏëÒâʶÐÎ̬¡¢µÀµÂ¡¢¼ÛÖµ¹Û¡¢ÐÅÑö¡¢·çË×Ï°¹ßµÈÎÄ»¯Ìص㣬Ëæן÷Àúʷʱ´úÎÄ»¯µÄ·¢Õ¹¶ø·¢Õ¹¡£ËüÒÔÎïÖʺÍÒÕÊõµÄ½áºÏ£¬Í¨¹ýÓÐÐεķ½Ê½ÌåÏÖ³öÀ´¡£ËüÒ»·½Ãæ·´Ó³ÁËÉç»áÎÄÃ÷µÄ½ø²½£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²ÌåÏÖ×ÅÅå´÷ÕßµÄÉí·Ý¡¢Éç»áµØλ¡¢Ë¼Ïë¹ÛÄî¡¢ÐËȤ°®ºÃµÈ¡£
¾µÆ¬ÎÄ»¯
¾µÆ¬µÄÎÄ»¯ÄÚºÖ÷ÒªÌåÏÖÔÚÖʲĵÄÓÅÁ¼³Ì¶È£¬¾µÆ¬µÄ´óС¡¢ÇúÏß¡¢×éºÏÒÔ¼°É«²Ê¡¢¹âÔóµÈµÄ¾«ÃÀ¶ÈÉÏ¡£ÔڹŴú£¬µÛÍõ¡¢¹Ù¼Ò¡¢¸»ºÀÓëƽÃñ°ÙÐÕËùÓÃÑÛ¾µµÄ²»Í¬£¬ÌåÏÖÁ˽ØÈ»²»Í¬µÄÎÄ»¯É«²Ê¼°ÄÚº¡£ÔÚÏÖ´ú£¬¹¤¡¢Å©¡¢ÉÌ¡¢Ñ§¡¢±øµÈÉç»á¸÷½×²ã£¬ÄÐÐÔ¡¢Å®ÐÔÓþµ£¬·ç¸ñ¸÷Ò죬¶¼ÌåÏÖ×ÅÈËÃǵÄ˼ÏëÎÄ»¯ÄÚº¡£
¾µ¼ÜÎÄ»¯
¾µ¼ÜÎÄ»¯Ò²ÊÇÌåÏÖÔÚ²ÄÁÏÖÊÁ¿µÄ¸ßµÍ£¬¾µ¼ÜÍâÐΡ¢ÑÕÉ«¡¢×°Êεľ«ÃÀ³Ì¶È£¬ÒÔ¼°Í¼Îĺ¬ÒåµÈ·½Ãæ¡£¹Å´úµÄ¾µ¼ÜÉÏÍùÍù¿ÌÓи£¡¢Â»¡¢ÊÙ¡¢²ÆµÈ»¨ÎÆͼ°¸£¬ÌåÏÖ×Å¡°¸£ÔÚÑÛÇ°¡±¡¢¡°¸£ÊÙË«È«¡±¡¢¡°¹ÙÔ˺àͨ¡±¡¢¡°Ëļ¾·¢²Æ¡±µÈ¼ÛÖµÄÚº¡£Í¬Ê±£¬Áº¼ÜÉÏÍùÍù»¹µñ¿Ì×ŵêÃû¡¢×ֺš¢ÈËÃû¡¢º¬½ðÁ¿µÈ¡£ÒÀÉç»áµØλºÍÉí·ÝµÄ²»Í¬£¬µÛÍõ¡¢´ï¹Ù¹óÈËËùÓþµ¼Ü¶àÓýð¡¢Òø¡¢çé裡¢ÏóÑÀµÈ¹óÖزÄÁÏ£¬¶øÆÕͨ°ÙÐÕËùÓÃÑÛ¾µ¶àÓÃÍ¡¢Ìú¡¢¸Ö¡¢Ä¾µÈ²ÄÁÏ¡£ÑÛ¾µµÄÁº¼Üͼ°¸£¬ÓÉ×î³õµÄ¹°ÇÅÐΡ¢ÃÅ×ÖÐΡ¢³ÇÃŶ´ÐΡ¢»¡ÐΣ¬Öð½¥¹ý¶Éµ½Ò»×ÖÐΡ¢Öñ½ÚÐΡ¢ÉÏÏ·ÁºÐεȣ»Áº¿¨¡¢±ß¿¨¡¢ÓÉÔÆÎÆÐΡ¢Ã¨Í·ÐΡ¢»¢Í·Ðιý¶Éµ½Ó¥Í·ÐΡ¢¶þµãÐΡ¢Ã·»¨µãÐεÈÐÎ×´¡£
ÏÖ´ú¾µ¼ÜÔڹŴú¾µ¼ÜÎÄ»¯ÔÚ»ù´¡ÉϽøÒ»²½·¢Õ¹£¬ÎÞÂÛÔÚÐÎʽÉÏ£¬»¹ÊÇ´ÓÉè¼Æµ½×°ÊΣ¬»¨ÎÆͼ°¸ÒÔ¼°É«²ÊÉÏ£¬¶¼±äµÃ¸ü¼Ó·á¸»¶à²Ê£¬ÌåÏÖÁËеļÛÖµ¹ÛºÍÃÀѧ¹Û¡£
|
|